Abstract
The advancements in Renewable Energy Sources (RES), increasing trends of distributed generation and proliferation of prosumer community requires an affective utilization of energy in Microgrid (MG) paradigm. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) energy trading mechanism provides a platform where prosumers can participate in energy sharing which is beneficial for all users of MG. Meanwhile, due to the high penetration of RES and distributed generations in distribution system used in P2P energy trading concept, the control and operation of existing grid is lacking the required functionalities. In P2P energy trading, power congestion occurs on distribution system which can limit effective utilization of RES. As RES and power demands are increasing, congestion problem also tends to increase. Smart Metering (SM) infrastructure is used to handle Energy Congestion Problem (ECP) by more effective management of prosumer community in P2P energy trading mechanism. SM monitors power transactions, maintains status of the network and obtains power profiles of prosumers. In this paper, Normalized P2P (NP2P) energy trading scheme is proposed with objective to decrease load on main grid and cost minimization for all users. NP2P is centralized contracting scheme treats all users in Microgrid equal for energy flow and cost implementation. Three different cases are considered to validate efficiency of proposed P2P energy trading scheme. In this research work, ECP due to NP2P model is analyzed, modeled as Knapsack Problem (KP) and solved using Greedy and Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithms. In proposed research, Central Energy Management Unit (CEMU) is responsible for implementation of functions for NP2P model and energy congestion control. To improve the reliability of grid, some prosumers with surplus energy should be disconnected. The results of various considered cases for proposed NP2P scheme and algorithms for ECP are compared to verify effectiveness of the solution.
Highlights
The transition from conventional grid to smart grid enables distributed Microgrids (MG) which enhance the stability and quality of power system and reduce CO2 emission using green energy systems [1]
The effectiveness of proposed Normalized P2P (NP2P) energy trading was verified through implementation on small scale Microgrid distribution network
Simulation results proves that proposed scheme achieves objectives of energy cost reduction and load reduction on main grid
Summary
The transition from conventional grid to smart grid enables distributed Microgrids (MG) which enhance the stability and quality of power system and reduce CO2 emission using green energy systems [1]. A hierarchical distribution congestion control scheme considering two stage functionality with objective to minimize operational cost was presented in [37] Another hierarchical scheme for transmission congestion management was proposed in [38], for optimal scheduling of loads and generators using Darwinian PSO as solution algorithm. RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONS Despite many studies on P2P energy trading and congestion management are conducted separately, still a comprehensive strategy is required to address the problem through a combined system development considering all design parameters of P2P trading model and energy congestion management To fill this gap, a novel scheme is proposed in this paper which initiates contracts among users in MG, monitors and controls power transactions, calculates penalties and energy cost for each user and solves energy congestion problem.
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