Abstract
Salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) are of high interest as diagnostic biomarkers for non-oral cancer. However, little is known about their value for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection. Our study aims to characterize salivary miRNAs in order to identify non-invasive markers for CRC diagnosis. The screening of 754 miRNAs was performed in saliva samples from 14 CRC and 10 healthy controls. The differential expressed miRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR in 51 CRC, 19 adenomas and 37 healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression models were performed to analyze the clinical value of these miRNAs. Twenty-two salivary miRNAs were significantly deregulated in CRC patients vs. healthy individuals (p < 0.05) in the discovery phase. From those, five upregulated miRNAs (miR-186-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-766-3p, and miR-491-5p) were confirmed to be significantly higher in the CRC vs. healthy group (p < 0.05). This five-miRNA signature showed diagnostic value (72% sensitivity, 66.67% specificity, AUC = 0.754) to detect CRC, which was even higher in combination with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Overall, after the first global characterization of salivary miRNAs in CRC, a five-miRNA panel was identified as a promising tool to diagnose this malignancy, representing a novel approach to detect cancer-associated epigenetic alterations using a non-invasive strategy.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and the second in women worldwide
This study was designed as two phases: a discovery phase including 24 saliva samples (10 healthy controls and 14 CRC, including 7 non-metastatic and 7 metastatic patients) and a validation phase comprising 107 saliva samples (37 healthy controls, 19 adenomas and 51 CRC), including those used for the discovery phase (Figure S1)
754 miRNAs were profiled in saliva samples from 14 CRC patients and 10 healthy controls
Summary
Óscar Rapado-González 1,2,3 , Blanca Majem 4,5, Ana Álvarez-Castro 6 , Roberto Díaz-Peña 2,7 , Alicia Abalo 2, Leticia Suárez-Cabrera 4, Antonio Gil-Moreno 3,8 , Anna Santamaría 4 , Rafael López-López 3,9 , Laura Muinelo-Romay 2,3,* and María Mercedes Suarez-Cunqueiro 1,10,*.
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