Abstract
Given the hundreds of thousands of contrast medium doses that are injected every day, contrast-associated acute kidney injury is an important issue. However, it is fraught with controversy. The first reports of acute kidney injury after contrast administration date from the 1950s, but who is at risk and the risk itself are still being debated. Identifying kidney injury caused by contrast media is a challenge because it is not characterised by specific symptoms; contrast-associated acute kidney injury is an indirect, biochemical diagnosis based on absolute or relative increases in serum creatinine within a few days after contrast medium administration.
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