A Novel Prognostic Model Using Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value and Programmed Death Ligand 1 in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis.

Abstract

Little is known regarding the prognostication of thePan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of PIV in patients with R/M HNSCC receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Patients who were diagnosed to have R/M HNSCC and treated with ICI were reviewed retrospectively. The cutoff value of PIV was set at themedian. Patients were stratified into high PIV and low PIV. Kaplan-Meier curves were estimated for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of 192 patients were included in our study for oncologic outcomes evaluation. For thetotal population, the median PFS was 5.5 months and OS was 18.2 months. After stratification by PIV, median PFS was 11.7 months in thelow PIV and 2.8 months in thehigh PIVgroups (p < 0.001). The median OS was 21.8 months in thelow PIV and 11.5 months in thehigh PIVgroups (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PIV and PD-L1 were independent predictors associated with survival. A prognostic model using both PIV and PD-L1 was constructed. The median PFS was 12.2, 6.4, and 3.0 months for patients with risk scores of 0, 1, and 2, respectively (p < 0.001). The median OS was 23.7, 18.1, and 11.4 months for patients with risk scores of 0, 1, and 2, respectively (p < 0.001). PIV is a prognostic biomarker in patients with R/M HNSCC treated with ICI. A prognostic model using PIV and PD-L1 could provide outcome prediction and risk stratification.