A Novel Picornavirus Discovered in White Leg Shrimp Penaeus vannamei.

Shuang Liu,Tingting Xu,Qingli Zhang,Tianchang Jia,Chong Wang

doi:10.3390/v13122381

Abstract

Global shrimp farming is increasingly threatened by various emerging viruses. In the present study, a novel picornavirus, Penaeus vannamei picornavirus (PvPV), was discovered in moribund White leg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) collected from farm ponds in China in 2015. Similar to most picornaviruses, PvPV is non-enveloped RNA virus, with a particle diameter of approximately 30 nm. The sequence of the positive single-stranded RNA genome with a length of 10,550 nts was characterized by using genome sequencing and reverse transcription PCR. The existence of PvPV related proteins was further proved by confirmation of viral amino acid sequences, using mass spectrometry analysis. Phylogenetic analysis based on the full-length genomic sequence revealed that PvPV was more closely related to the Wenzhou shrimp virus 8 than to any other dicistroviruses in the order Picornavirales. Genomic sequence conservative domain prediction analysis showed that the PvPV genome encoded a large tegument protein UL36, which was unique among the known dicistroviruses and different from other dicistroviruses. According to these molecular features, we proposed that PvPV is a new species in the family Dicistroviridae. This study reported the first whole-genome sequence of a novel and distinct picornavirus in crustaceans, PvPV, and suggests that further studies of PvPV would be helpful in understanding its evolution and potential pathogenicity, as well as in developing diagnostic techniques.

Highlights

Viral diseases of Penaeus vannamei are important restrictive considerations in the shrimp farming industry in the world [1,2]
PPiiccoorrnnaavviirraalleessisisaaprporpoopsoesdeodrdoerdr eorf poof spitoivsiet‐isveen-sseenssinegslien‐sgtlrea-nstdreadndReNdARvNirAusvesirwusitehs awpitsheuadpos‐Teu=d3o-vTir=ion3 avricrhioitnecatrucrheit[e2c4t]u. rTeh[e2o4]r.deTrhPeicoorrdnearviPraicleosrncoavnisriasltessocfoenisgihsttsfaomf ieliigesh:t Cfaamliciilvieirsi:dCaea,liDciivciirsitdraoev,iDridicaies,trIoflvaivriirdiadea,eI,flMavairrnidaavei,rMidaaer,nPaviciorridnaaev,iPriidcaoer,nPavoilryicdiapei,vPiroidlyacei,pSiveicroivdiare, iSdeaceovainrdidaSeolainnvdivSiroildinaevi[v2i4ri,4d7ae]. [B2a4s,4e7d].onBagseendomone gseeqnuoemnecinsegqaunedncpinhgylaongdenpethicylaongaelnyestiisc, Penaeus vannamei picornavirus (PvPV) proved to belong to the family Dicistroviridae in our study
The family Dicistroviridae mainly contains three genera: Aparavirus, Cripavirus analysis, PvPV proved to belong to the family Dicistroviridae in our study

Summary

Introduction

Viral diseases of Penaeus vannamei are important restrictive considerations in the shrimp farming industry in the world [1,2]. Major P. vannamei viruses impacting global shrimp farming to date have included white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) [3,4], covert mortality nodavirus (CMNV) [5], infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) [6], Taura syndrome virus (TSV) [7], yellow head disease virus (YHV) [8], infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) [9] and Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1). The genomes of the major shrimp viruses have been fully sequenced, and the viruses with published genomes include WSSV [13,14], CMNV [15], IHHNV [16], TSV [17], YHV [18], shrimp hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV) [19,20], Penaeus vannamei nodavirus (PvNV) [21] and IMNV [22]. The biological significance of many newly discovered picornaviruses is still unknown

Methods

Results

Conclusion