A Novel Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complex Bearing Formamide for Quantitative Fluorine Anion Detection

Song Guo,Shujuan Liu,Linlin Du,Yuanli Liu,Zhao Lu,Qiang Zhao,Chaoxiong Guo,Man Gao

doi:10.3390/cryst11101190

Song Guo, Shujuan Liu + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11101190

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Abstract

Fluorine anion plays a critical role for human health, especially for the teeth and the skeletal system, and a deficiency or excess of fluorine anion will result in various diseases. Thus, the accurate and timely detection of fluorine content is of great importance. Herein, a novel and sensitive fluorine probe based on ionic iridium(III) complex using 5-formamide phenanthroline as an ancillary ligand was designed and synthesized rationally. The probe exhibited excellent performance for F− detection in organic solvents. H-bonding between the fluoride and the amide proton was formed, thus changing the photophysical properties of the probe and leading to significant phosphorescence quenching. Nuclear magnetic resonance titration and theoretical calculations were carried out to understand the mechanism in detail. This is the first report of an iridium(III) complex probe for F− detection based on the interaction between formamide and fluorine anion.

Highlights

Fluorine is an essential element for the human body
The results revealed that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) primarily distributed on the iridium center and π orbital of quinolone unit of the main ligand, simultaneously, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) was primarily distributed on the phenanthroline
In summary, a novel phosphorescent Ir(III) complex probe based on formamide for

Summary

Introduction

Fluorine is an essential element for the human body. It is conducive to boosting the immune system and plays a vital physiological role in the health of bones, teeth, skin, and eyesight [1,2]. Fluorine mainly exists in the human body as a negative valence, such as fluoride anion (F−) [3]. The deficiency or excess intake of fluorine is closely related to various diseases, such as tooth decay, osteoporosis, dental fluorosis, and skeletal fluorosis. Further research has shown that high fluoride concentrations in food may cause serious neurotoxicity [4,5,6]. It is of great importance to quantitatively detect fluoride anion

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