A Novel Particle Swarm Optimization for Channel Allocation in OFDM Based Cognitive Radio Networks

Abstract

It has become increasingly apparent that bandwidth scarcity is an issue as wireless communications advance. Alternatively, spectrum sensing techniques are used to detect licensed users. A spectrum sensor can detect energy, matched filters, and cyclostationary features. There are, however, some drawbacks to these methods. Energy detector performance is affected by noise power uncertainty. Every primary user needs a dedicated receiver for matched filter spectrum sensing. Computational effort and observation time are required for cyclo-stationary feature detection. Spectrum use is determined using particle swarm optimization (PSO), an algorithm for determining the best frequency allocation and highest accuracy. Using PSO operations, this paper proposes an improved energy detection method compared to conventional energy detection methods. Detecting energy and using the PSO channel allocation technique to detect fading channels is also mathematically described.