Abstract
In recent years, the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system, which utilizes electric vehicles (EVs) to provide ancillary services for power grid, draws a lot of interests in smart grid research community. When considering a large number of EVs distributed in different geographical locations, how to coordinate these EVs to provide ancillary services becomes a critical issue. In this paper, a generic hierarchical framework for V2G system to provide frequency regulation services is proposed to address this issue. A practical multi-level online V2G algorithm is proposed for the hierarchical V2G scheduling and it requires no forecasting information for regulation signals.We test our proposed algorithm in the simulation of a four- level hierarchical V2G system. The results show that the proposed algorithm has advantages over the existing methods on smoothing out the real- time power fluctuations.
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