Abstract
Bacterial non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in various physiological metabolic pathways. In this study, a novel ncRNA CsiR (ciprofloxacin stress-induced ncRNA) involved in the regulation of ciprofloxacin resistance in the foodborne multidrug-resistant Proteus vulgaris (P. vulgaris) strain P3M was identified. The survival rate of the CsiR-deficient strain was higher than that of the wild-type strain P3M under the ciprofloxacin treatment condition, indicating that CsiR played a negative regulatory role, and its target gene emrB was identified through further target prediction, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and microscale thermophoresis (MST). Further studies showed that the interaction between CsiR and emrB mRNA affected the stability of the latter at the post-transcriptional level to a large degree, and ultimately affected the ciprofloxacin resistance of P3M. Notably, the base-pairing sites between CsiR and emrB mRNAs were highly conserved in other sequenced P. vulgaris strains, suggesting that this regulatory mechanism may be ubiquitous in this species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first identification of a novel ncRNA involved in the regulation of ciprofloxacin resistance in P. vulgaris species, which lays a solid foundation for comprehensively expounding the antibiotic resistance mechanism of P. vulgaris.
Highlights
We further identified a novel non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) designated as ciprofloxacin stress-induced ncRNA (CsiR) from P3M and confirmed its regulatory role in the regulation of ciprofloxacin resistance through its interaction with emrB
Since ncRNAs play important regulatory roles in the regulation of bacterial antibiotic resistance, it is of great importance to explore whether there are ncRNAs with regulatory functions in the P3M genome
As part of the third generation of synthetic quinolone antibacterial drugs, ciprofloxacin is widely used in clinical treatment and agricultural cultivation, inhibiting the normal function of bacterial DNA helicase and causing irreversible damage, leading to good antibacterial effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and many other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria [38,39,40,41,42]
Summary
Bacterial non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a kind of RNA which cannot be translated into functional proteins but that have important regulatory functions [1,2,3]. According to a number of studies, bacterial ncRNAs play regulatory roles in different modes, the most widely known of which are functioning via the interaction with the target mRNA [5,19,20]
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