Abstract
BackgroundWolfram syndrome (WS), caused by mutations of the Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) gene on chromosome 4p16.1, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes insipidus (DI), neuro-psychiatric disorders, hearing deficit, and urinary tract anomalies.Case presentationHere we report a 11-year-old Chinese boy who presented with visual loss, was suspected with optic neuritis (ON) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and referred to our department for further diagnosis. Finally he was diagnosed with WS because of diabetes mellitus (DM) and optic atrophy (OA). Eight exons and flanking introns of WFS1 gene were analyzed by sequencing. A novel mutation c.1760G > A in WFS1 gene of exon 8 was identified.ConclusionThis report reviews a case of WS associated with a novel mutation, c.1760G > A in WFS1 gene of exon 8, and emphasizes that WS should be taken into account for juveniles with visual loss and diabetes mellitus.
Highlights
Wolfram syndrome (WS), caused by mutations of the Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) gene on chromosome 4p16.1, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes insipidus (DI), neuro-psychiatric disorders, hearing deficit, and urinary tract anomalies
WS is a rare progressive neurodegenerative hereditary disease, known as DI-DM-OA-D which stands for diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness
Patients usually present with DM followed by OA in the first decade
Summary
Wolfram syndrome (WS), caused by mutations of the Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) gene on chromosome 4p16.1, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diabetes insipidus (DI), neuro-psychiatric disorders, hearing deficit, and urinary tract anomalies. Background Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, mainly associated with juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and optic atrophy (OA). Mutations of the WFS1 gene on chromosome 4p16.1 are in charge of the clinical manifestations in majority of patients with WS [3, 4]. WFS1 gene encodes wolframin, an 890-amino acid glycoprotein localized primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) [5].
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