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Abstract
BackgroundResistance and growth are opposing characteristics in plants. SA INSENSITIVITY OF npr1-5 (SSI2) encodes a stearoyl-ACP desaturase (S-ACP DES) that has previously been reported to simultaneously enhance resistance and repress growth.ResultsHere, we characterize ssi2-2, a novel mutant allele of SSI2 that has two amino acid substitutions. Compared with wild-type and two other mutants of SSI2, ssi2-2 showed intermediate phenotypes in growth size, punctate necrosis, resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pst DC3000, salicylic acid (SA) content, pathogenesis-related (PR) gene levels and 18:1 content. These results indicate that ssi2-2 is a weak mutant of SSI2. Additionally, by using ssi2-2 as an intermediate control, a number of differentially expressed genes were identified in transcriptome profiling analysis. These results suggest that constitutive expression of defense-related genes and repression of IAA signaling-associated genes is present in all SSI2 mutants.ConclusionsTaken together, our results suggest that the weak ssi2-2 mutant maintains a better balance between plant immunity and vegetative growth than other mutants, consequently providing a basis to genetically engineer disease resistance in crop plants.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0898-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Resistance and growth are opposing characteristics in plants
Stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SACPD) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of stearic acid (18:0) to oleic acid (18:1) during de novo fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis and produces monounsaturated FAs in plant cells [7, 8]
Analysis of plant pathogen resistance showed that the absence of SUPPRESSOR OF SA INSENSITIVITY 2 (SSI2) activates defense responses and leads to elevated salicylic acid (SA) levels and constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, which results in enhanced resistance to several pathogens, such as Peronospora parasitica, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) and
Summary
SA INSENSITIVITY OF npr (SSI2) encodes a stearoyl-ACP desaturase (S-ACP DES) that has previously been reported to simultaneously enhance resistance and repress growth. FAs influence a variety of processes in response to both biotic and abiotic stresses [1, 2]. Stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SACPD) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of stearic acid (18:0) to oleic acid (18:1) during de novo FA biosynthesis and produces monounsaturated FAs in plant cells [7, 8]. SSI2 is an SACPD isoform that can cause severe growth defects, including spontaneous necrosis and deformed leaves, when mutated. Analysis of plant pathogen resistance showed that the absence of SSI2 activates defense responses and leads to elevated salicylic acid (SA) levels and constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, which results in enhanced resistance to several pathogens, such as Peronospora parasitica, Pseudomonas syringae pv. Analysis of plant pathogen resistance showed that the absence of SSI2 activates defense responses and leads to elevated salicylic acid (SA) levels and constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, which results in enhanced resistance to several pathogens, such as Peronospora parasitica, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) and
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