Abstract
To enhance the controllability of transport phenomena where magnetic fields are coupled with other multiphysics, a concept of multi-banding distribution of the magnetic field is presented in this work. For this study, a typical differentially heated convective system (of square shape) is considered with porous media saturated Cu–Al2O3/water hybrid nanofluid. The isothermal heating and cooling applied on the sidewalls of the system induce a buoyant flow, which is resisted by porous media and is dampened intermittently by the banded form of application of magnetic fields. The multi-banding distribution of magnetic fields is illustrated using four-band, two-band, and one-band configurations (all having the same effective length of the magnetic field). The results are generated by an in-house code adopting the finite volume method and the Brinkman-Forchheimer-Darcy model. For a set of selective parameters of the Hartmann number, Darcy number, hybrid nanofluid concentration, and Darcy-Rayleigh number, the study reveals that the multi-banding of the magnetic field through different numbers of bands has significant effects on transport phenomena and heat transfer. Heat transfer with the two-banded magnetic field is found more. Overall, the multi-banding technique is energy efficient compared to the whole domain magnetic field. This technique could be a prospective tool to control convective transports effectively and could open an area of potential researches in the area of multi-physical applications.
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