Abstract
With the development of hybrid imaging scanners, micro-CT is widely used in locating abnormalities, studying drug metabolism, and providing structural priors to aid image reconstruction in functional imaging. Due to the low contrast of soft tissues, segmentation of soft tissue organs from mouse micro-CT images is a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a mouse segmentation scheme based on dynamic contrast enhanced micro-CT images. With a homemade fast scanning micro-CT scanner, dynamic contrast enhanced images were acquired before and after injection of non-ionic iodinated contrast agents (iohexol). Then the feature vector of each voxel was extracted from the signal intensities at different time points. Based on these features, the heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney could be classified into different categories and extracted from separate categories by morphological processing. The bone structure was segmented using a thresholding method. Our method was validated on seven BALB/c mice using two different classifiers: a support vector machine classifier with a radial basis function kernel and a random forest classifier. The results were compared to manual segmentation, and the performance was assessed using the Dice similarity coefficient, false positive ratio, and false negative ratio. The results showed high accuracy with the Dice similarity coefficient ranging from 0.709 ± 0.078 for the spleen to 0.929 ± 0.006 for the kidney.
Highlights
Multi-modality imaging techniques have been widely used in preclinical research owing to their advantage in providing complementary information
As a predominant structural imaging modality, micro-CT has often been combined with various functional imaging modalities including positron emission tomography (PET) [1], single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) [2], and optical imaging such as fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) [3] and bioluminescence tomography (BLT) [4]
The system consists of a micro-focus X-ray tube (Apogee 93501, Oxford Instrument, U.S.) and a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) based flat-panel detector (Dexela 1512, PerkinElmer, U.K.) that are fixed on a rotation stage (ADRT-260-180, Aerotech, U.S.)
Summary
Multi-modality imaging techniques have been widely used in preclinical research owing to their advantage in providing complementary information. As a predominant structural imaging modality, micro-CT has often been combined with various functional imaging modalities including positron emission tomography (PET) [1], single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) [2], and optical imaging such as fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) [3] and bioluminescence tomography (BLT) [4]. In a hybrid imaging system combining FMT and micro-CT, the anatomical information provided by micro-CT can be used to locate the PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0169424. Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Micro-CT Image Mouse Segmentation Method. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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