A Novel Morphological Feature Extraction Approach for ECG Signal Analysis Based on Generalized Synchrosqueezing Transform, Correntropy Function and Adaptive Heuristic Framework in FPGA

Abstract

Nowadays, a computer-aided diagnosis system is required to monitor the cardiac patients continuously and detecting the heart diseases automatically. In this paper, a new field programmable gate array-based morphological feature extraction approach is proposed for electrocardiogram signal analysis. The proposed architecture is mainly based on the Generalized Synchrosqueezing transform but a detrended fluctuation analyzer is applied in the reconstruction stage for capturing the maximum information of QRS complexes and P-waves by eliminating a set of noisy intrinsic modes. Then, a correntropy envelope is determined from the QRS enhanced signal for localizing the QRS region accurately. Also, an adaptive heuristic framework is introduced to detect the true P-wave from the P-wave enhanced reconstructed signal by analyzing both the positive and negative amplitudes. In addition, a root mean square Error estimation-based adaptive thresholding approach is used to estimate the T-wave after removing the P-QRS complexes. The proposed architecture has been implemented on field programmable gate array using the Xilinx Vertex 7 platform. The performance of the proposed architecture is validated by performing a comparative study between the resultant performances and those attained with state-of-the-art feature descriptors, in terms of Sensitivity, accuracy, positive prediction, error rate and field programmable gate array resources estimation. The proposed sensitivity, accuracy and positive prediction are 99.84%, 99.85% and 99.86% for QRS detection approach. The proposed sensitivity, accuracy and positive prediction are 99.45%, 99.23% and 99.78% for P-wave detection approach. The proposed sensitivity, accuracy and positive prediction are 99.58%, 99.65% and 100% for T-wave detection approach. The simulation results show that the proposed architecture overtakes existing designs and minimizes hardware complexity, which proves the suitability of this approach on real-time applications of electrocardiogram signals.