Abstract
Recently, the distributed generator (DG) has been successfully studied and applied in distribution system at many countries around the world. Many planning models of the DG integrated distribution system have been proposed. These models can choose the optimization locations, capacities and technologies of DG with the objective function minimizing power loss, investment costs or total life cycle costs of the investment project. However, capacity of DG that uses renewable energy resources is natural variability according to primary energy. This study proposed a planning model of optimized distribution system that integrates DG in the competitive electricity market. Model can determine equipment sizing and timeframe requiring for upgrading equipment of distribution system as well as select DG technologies with power variable constraints of DG. The objective function is minimizing total life cycle cost of the investment project. The proposed model is calculated and tested for a 48-bus radial distribution system in the GAMS programming language.
Highlights
In the past decade, distribution system planning had major changed due to the impact of competitive electricity market, distributed generator (DG) technological development and environmental pollutions
Capacity of DG that uses renewable energy resources is natural variability according to primary energy
The objective function of the two-stage Distribution Systems (DS) planning model in [5] includes the minimum of total costs for upgrading feeders, substation transformers and DG construction, energy expenses purchased from market and environmental pollution costs
Summary
Distribution system planning had major changed due to the impact of competitive electricity market, DG technological development and environmental pollutions. DG connecting directly to DS or directly supplying to customers is used as a popular planning approach These sources normally use electric generating technologies such as gas turbines, combined heat and power, Fuel Cells, solar energy and wind energies. The details of DG technology is not mentioned because of the assumption that the costing functions and effects of DG in DS planning are the same, but these are impossible in reality Another model in [4] was proposed with the objective function including the total investing and operating costs of DG, feeders and substation transformers upgrading costs, energy expenses and minimum interruptible load costs. The objective function of the two-stage DS planning model in [5] includes the minimum of total costs for upgrading feeders, substation transformers and DG construction, energy expenses purchased from market and environmental pollution costs.
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