Abstract
In passive remote sensing of the earth, the real-aperture microwave radiometer employs a bulky mechanical scanning platform, which greatly increases the mass and volume of the system. Then, the aperture synthesis microwave radiometer has been developed to alleviate the mass and volume of the real-aperture microwave radiometer. However, the aperture synthesis microwave radiometer has a high complexity in signal processing and system due to it being synthesized by many small aperture antennas. To alleviate the mass and volume of the real-aperture microwave radiometer and the high complexity in signal processing and systemo f the aperture synthesis microwave radiometer, a novel microwave radiometer is proposed, which employs frequency scanning antennas and can observe the scene with electronic scanning, not mechanical scanning. The system structure of the novel microwave is introduced and the main specifications are also analyzed, three receiver architectures for the microwave radiometer used frequency scanning antennas are given and discussed. The calibration method is given. Numerical simulations are also performed to assess the performance of the frequency scanning microwave radiometer.
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