A novel method to predict the transient start-up time for natural draft dry cooling towers in dispatchable power plants

Abstract

To predict the time taken for the start-up process of NDDCTs with different geometric parameters and initial conditions under windless condition, dimensional analysis is used to first determine the significant variables governing the transient start-up process. Buckingham Pi theorem is subsequently adopted to identify the relationship between the air mass flow rate through the tower and the time-taken during the start-up process of NDDCTs. Then, numerical tests are carried out to investigate the start-up process of NDDCTs with different geometric parameters including the tower height H, (H = 20 m, 40 m, 60 m and 80 m) and base diameter D, (D = 8 m, 10 m and 12 m) over a range of initial condition, i.e., when the temperature difference between the heat exchanger and the ambient air ΔT, varies from = 20 K to 40 K. The numerical results demonstrate that the base diameter will not affect the time taken during the start-up process of NDDCTs in the absence of cold air inflow, i.e., when no cold air intrudes into the tower from the top. However, the time taken for the start-up process of an NDDCT rises with the increase of the tower height, but is shortened with the increase of air-heat exchanger temperature difference. Finally, an accurate mathematical model is established based on both dimensional analysis and numerical tests to predict the start-up time leading to t=αHΔT20.3.