Abstract
This article shows a novel geo-visualization method of dynamic spatiotemporal data that allows mobility and concentration of criminal activity to be study. The method was developed using, only and significantly, real data of Santiago de Cali (Colombia), collected by the Colombian National Police (PONAL). This method constitutes a tool that allows criminal influx to be analyzed by concentration, zone, time slot and date. In addition to the field experience of police commanders, it allows patterns of criminal activity to be detected, thereby enabling a better distribution and management of police resources allocated to crime deterrence, prevention and control. Additionally, it may be applied to the concepts of safe city and smart city of the PONAL within the architecture of Command and Control System (C2S) of Command and Control Centers for Public Safety. Furthermore, it contributes to a better situational awareness and improves the future projection, agility, efficiency and decision-making processes of police officers, which are all essential for fulfillment of police missions against crime. Finally, this was developed using an open source software, it can be adapted to any other city, be used with real-time data and be implemented, if necessary, with the geographic software of any other C2S.
Highlights
It is not possible to talk about a smart city without referring to a safe city
The C2S for Public Safety of the PONAL has already-integrated several utilities, the PONAL through the development of its mission and its field experience, reveals there are quite significant needs in terms of tools that provide more information; are created and adapted to the context of the criminal activity in charge; that provide better possibilities to support decision-making of command line, such as a tool that enables the study, measurement and analysis of mobility and concentration of crime in different cities, based on geo-referenced and temporal data, in order to improve their actions in fulfillment of anti-crime strategies
This method of animated spatiotemporal geo-visualization allows criminal influx to be analyzed on the basis of concentrations, zones, time slots and dates, in real-time and as necessary. It can work with historical data or real-time data, and since constitutes a geo-visualization tool that act like a Plug-in, it can be adapted to any Geographic Information Systems (GIS) through the API (Application Programming Interface), specific to each GIS
Summary
It is not possible to talk about a smart city without referring to a safe city. There are different ways of addressing the challenges of criminal activity [14], the main aim is in understanding the social, economic, cultural, geographical and administrative contexts (among others) in the places where deterrence, prevention and control policies will be implemented For this reason, each entity in charge of law enforcement and public safety must take these factors into account when creating and applying strategies in their jurisdictions, in order to achieve this objective. It is novel in that it improves the quality of life of citizens by strengthening security in cities, and impacts international commitments, such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in the objectives: “11: Sustainable cities and communities” and “16: Peace, justice and strong institutions” [17]
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