Abstract
Hypertension has been a crucial public health challenge among adults. This study aimed to develop a novel method for non-contact prediction of hypertension using facial characteristics such as facial features and facial color. The data of 1099 subjects (376 men and 723 women) analyzed in this study were obtained from the Korean Constitutional Multicenter Study of Korean medicine Data Center (KDC) at the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM). Facial images were collected and facial variables were extracted using image processing techniques. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) were performed to compare and identify the facial characteristic variables between the hypertension group and normal group. We found that the most distinct facial feature differences between hypertension patients and normal individuals were facial shape and nose shape for men in addition to eye shape and nose shape for women. In terms of facial colors, cheek color in men, as well as forehead and nose color in women, were the most distinct facial colors between the hypertension groups and normal individuals. Looking at the AUC value, the prediction power for women is better than men. In conclusion, we managed to explore and identify the facial characteristics variables related to hypertension. This study may provide new evidence in the validity of predicting hypertension using facial characteristics.
Highlights
Hypertension, known as high blood pressure in layman’s terms, is one of the chronic metabolism diseases with a prevalence of over a billion people in the world
We proposed that facial characteristics such as facial features or facial color can be used for hypertension screening in a non-contact, unconscious, and laborfree manner
Facial landextracted from the automatic extraction program will provide us with the facial feature marks extracted from the automatic extraction program will provide us with the facial characteristics of our subjects, whereas CIELAB color space values will provide us with the feature characteristics of our subjects,At whereas colorwill space values provide subjects’
Summary
Hypertension, known as high blood pressure in layman’s terms, is one of the chronic metabolism diseases with a prevalence of over a billion people in the world. The number of people suffering from chronic diseases who visited the hospital in 2015 was 14.39 million, with hypertension being the highest number (5.71 million) among them [2]. The total medical cost for hypertension treatment was assessed to be 13.4%, which accounts for approximately 2.5 billion US dollars [3]. This means that monitoring and regulating hypertension is fundamental to reduce the general burden of disease in Korean society as well as to improve the quality of life. The suboptimal blood pressure (BP) control in conjunction with the ignorance of hypertension has been the stumbling block in hypertension management, resulting in the necessity of routine BP screening
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