Abstract
Overmoded relativistic backward wave oscillators (RBWOs) are usually difficult to achieve pure mode ouHowever, until now, radiation equipments for high power microwave (HPM) devices are only matched to a single operating mode. So it is unsuitable to utilize the ready-made HPM antenna to radiate mixed $\text{TM}_{0{n}}$ modes with high radiation efficiency, and thus practical applications of the overmoded RBWO device becomes limited. For converting these hybrid $\text{TM}_{0{n}}$ modes into a pure one (e.g., $\text{TM}_{01}$ or TEM mode), diagnostics of the overmoded RBWO's output mode is required. In this letter, a practical measurement technique without requiring high precision calibrations of the power distribution and relative phases between the $\text{TM}_{0{n}}$ modes propagating in overmoded waveguide is described. This method is validated by measuring the output modes of a specially designed $\text{TM}_{01}\!-\!\text{TM}_{0{n}}$ mixed modes exciter.
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