Abstract
A novel laser lithotripsy system with automatic target recognition: from bench to bedside
Highlights
Urinary stones are common all over the world [1]
The Holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) laser is the most popular technology employed in lithotripsy for over 20 years, and is still considered the gold standard [3]
The high energy applied during the procedure, the strong absorption of laser light in water, anatomical factors, and inadequate surgical experience can all contribute to injuries to surrounding tissues in the urinary tract and to endoscope damage [4]
Summary
Urinary stones are common all over the world [1]. Thanks to recent technological developments in medical engineering, laser lithotripsy is the first-line treatment modality in endoscopic surgical urolithiasis treatment [2]. The high energy applied during the procedure, the strong absorption of laser light in water, anatomical factors, and inadequate surgical experience can all contribute to injuries to surrounding tissues in the urinary tract and to endoscope damage [4]. Beyond this direct effect, insufficient irrigation during an endourological laser intervention might cause an uncontrolled temperature rise that damages adjacent tissue indirectly and delayed in time [5]. Photonic technologies have recently been used to experimentally identify urinary stones to increase safety while employing the Ho:YAG laser [6]. Winfree et al applied an autofluorescent imaging method to facilitate identification of Randall’s plaque [7]
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