Abstract
Islanding detection needs are becoming a pivotal constituent of the power system, since the penetration of distributed generators in the utility power system is continually increasing. Accurate threshold setting is an integral part of the island detection scheme since an inappropriate threshold might cause a hazardous situation. This study looked at the islanding conditions as well as two transient faults, such as a single line to ground fault and a three-phase balance fault, to assess the event distinguishing ability of the proposed method. Therefore, the goal of this research was to determine the threshold of the island if the distributed generator (DG) capacity is greater than the connected feeder load, which is the over-frequency island condition, and if the DG capacity is less than the connected feeder load, which is the under-frequency island condition. The significance of this research work is to propose a new island detection threshold setting method using the slip angle and acceleration angle that comes from phasor measurement unit (PMU) voltage angle data. The proposed threshold setting method was simulated in the PowerWorld simulator on a modified IEEE 30 bus system equipped with DG. There are three different interconnection scenarios in the test system and the performance of the proposed method shows that getting the island threshold for all the scenarios requires a single time step or 20 mile seconds after incepting an island into the network. In addition, it can distinguish between the real islanding threshold and the transient faults threshold.
Highlights
The transition from a traditional grid to a microgrid with the combination of distributed generator (DG) units is happening at a rapid pace around the world [1]
Despite the great economic and environmental well-being provided by renewable DG, it has its own drawbacks, such as difficulties in power system operation, control, and security [2]
IEEE 1547-2003 and IEEE 1547a-2014 guidelines recommend that DG be disconnected within 2 s [4]
Summary
The transition from a traditional grid to a microgrid with the combination of DG units is happening at a rapid pace around the world [1]. The microgrid’s DG units are still energized to satisfy local demand in an island state, but the microgrid is electrically disconnected from the utility grid [4]. The microgrid may be disconnected from the rest of the network for an isolated service in the event of a recurrent fault in the utility [6]. The advantage of the active technique is the minimum non-detecting zone (NDZ), but it decreases the power quality [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. The combination of active and passive techniques is able to decrease the NDZ and maintain the desired power quality, but the algorithm is unable to differentiate between the events [7,19,20,21]. An effective islanding detection algorithm should be able to detect all possible islanding scenarios, but most schemes currently focus only on grid-side faults [22]
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