Abstract
Neuronal cells are equipped with the function of a sensor that senses stimulation and elongates neurites to connect nearby neuronal cells in forming a neuronal network, as they are generally said to be hard to recover from physical damage, such as in the case of a spinal cord injury. Therefore, in this study, a novel in vitro simulator in which micro dynamic stimulations are applied to a damaged neuronal cell colony artificially is proposed to investigate the possibility of promoting the reconstruction of damaged neuronal cells on a colony basis. A neuronal cell colony differentiated from iPS cells is physically damaged by cutting off treatment, and micro dynamic stimulations are applied to the colony by utilizing a developed mini-vibration table system. NeuroFluor NeuO is used to establish a method for fluorescent staining of the living neuronal cells, and morphologies of the reconstructing neurons are analysed, revealing a relationship between the stimulation and the reconstructing process of the damaged neurons. It is found that significant differences are observed in the reconstructing efficiency between the statically cultured damaged neuronal cell colony and the dynamically stimulated one. The results suggest that applying appropriate micro dynamic stimulations is a promising approach to promote the reconstruction of a damaged neuronal cell colony.
Highlights
In clinical treatment of neuronal medicine, various types of neuronal cells are reconstructed or transplanted into patients who suffer severe neuronal diseases or injuries such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) [1], Parkinson’s disease [2,3] and spinal cord injury [4,5,6,7,8]
Right side figures are the case under micro dynamic stimulation
The reason why frequency of 5 Hz is used in this experiment is that it is most effective in differentiation and growth of mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into neurons as found by our previous study [23]
Summary
In clinical treatment of neuronal medicine, various types of neuronal cells are reconstructed or transplanted into patients who suffer severe neuronal diseases or injuries such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) [1], Parkinson’s disease [2,3] and spinal cord injury [4,5,6,7,8]. In the future, regenerative medicine using pluripotency of stem cells will be a probable way to determine whether the damage severe to such an extent that the spinal cord is totally snapped off. Regenerative medicine is in currently in a phase of rapid development and the engraftment of transplanted neuronal cells, as well as the reconstruction of the neuronal network, will become the most important issue. In both cases it is strongly needed to develop new approaches or device systems to Technologies 2021, 9, 83.
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