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Abstract
Since the insulin-like growth factor 3 (igf3) gene was recently discovered in fish ovary, its function in the gonads has received much attention. In this study, we isolated two igf3 subtypes from common carp (Cyprinus carpio), which comprised full-length cDNA of 707 and 1153 nucleotides encoding 205 and 198 amino acids (aa), respectively. The Igf3 aa sequence had the highest gene homology of 72% with the corresponding sequence in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Phylogenetic tree construction revealed that the C. carpio igf3 gene was first clustered with D. rerio and then with other teleost species. Igf3 mRNA was widely expressed, with expression being highest in the gonads and blood. In the gonad development stage, igf3a mRNA expression was highest in the maturity and recession stage of the ovary, and decline phase of the testis, while igf3b was highest in the recession and fully mature periods of the ovaries and testes, respectively. Western blotting of testis protein samples showed two bands of approximately 21 kDa and 34 kDa corresponding to the calculated molecular mass of the two Igf3 subtypes; no signal was detected in the ovary. The Igf3 protein was localized in the ovary granulosa cells and testis spermatogonium and spermatids. 17β-Ethinylestradiol treatment increased both ovary and testis igf3 mRNA expression. These findings suggest that Igf3 may play an important role in C. carpio gonadal development.
Highlights
Reproduction and growth are the most basic characteristics of living organisms; they are closely related but are distinguishable from each other [1]
Igf3a consists of 707 nucleotides with a 618-bp open reading frame (ORF), a 47-bp 50 untranslated region (UTR), and a 42-bp 30 UTR, and encodes 205 amino acids (Fig 1A)
Only C. carpio and D. rerio have been found to have two igf3 mRNA sequences; other teleost fish only have one igf3 subtype [3,7]. This may indicate that C. carpio and D. rerio igf3 was highly conserved during species evolution, and different genome duplications in teleost fish caused the evolutionary diversity of igf3
Summary
Reproduction and growth are the most basic characteristics of living organisms; they are closely related but are distinguishable from each other [1]. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are key factors that regulate the growth and reproduction axis [2]. IGFs consist of three ligands (IGF1, IGF2, and most recently, IGF3), two receptors (IGF1R, IGF2R), and six IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). The basic function of Igf and Igf is to promote growth, but PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0168874. Igf Gene Regulate Common Carp Gonadal Development. Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (2012BAD26B02) supported the materials The basic function of Igf and Igf is to promote growth, but PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0168874 December 21, 2016
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