Abstract
Numerous destructive and nondestructive techniques using different energy sources have been offered for material characterization. Among the non-destructive testing techniques that suggest monitoring the content of different materials and concrete structures, the techniques using microwaves offer important advantages because they are not radioactive, provide good penetration, provide excellent contrast with rebar and are not affected by ambient temperature. In this paper, a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique is represented to simulate a novel heterogeneous rectangular geometric structures containing different materials such as concrete, pavement, mortar, rebar and soil based on their dielectric properties. Maxwell wave equations are used to simulate how wave propagates in structures with different dielectric properties. For numerical simulation a Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) is used and Absorbing Boundary Conditions (ABCs) is proposed to prevent re-entering of propagating waves into the computation domain.
Highlights
Examination, strengthening and repairing the strength of infrastructures such as roads and bridges is an important issue for public safety and effective infrastructure management [1]
Nondestructive inspection techniques are more advantageous than other inspection techniques since they do not destroy the integrity of the examined structure [2,3,4,5]
When it is desired to non-destructively examine any construction via EM waves it is seen that materials with electrically different properties are present together [8,9,10,11]
Summary
Examination, strengthening and repairing the strength of infrastructures such as roads and bridges is an important issue for public safety and effective infrastructure management [1]. There are many noninvasive techniques to detect layers, delamination and defects in the structures, such as acoustic, thermal, radiographic, microwave and radar methods. Thanks to using the electromagnetic (EM) waves in examination of the structures, natural materials such as soil and rocks, as well as artificial materials such as concrete and asphalt can be imaged, in addition, it is one of the most powerful methods used for the detection and identification of metallic or non-metallic objects buried in mediums (concrete, mortar, asphalt, soil, rock, pavement) [6,7]. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is an important geophysical tool for underground imaging, based on the analysis of the propagation and reflection of EM waves at microwave frequencies [1214]. The different GPR models based on the same operation principle, the transmitting antenna is Received: 16 August 2020; Accepted: 26 November 2020
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