Abstract
Treatment of wounds is essential as the wound can also be lethal at some point in time if not healed properly. Ethnomedicinal plants can treat wounds as they have no side effects, whereas, in the case of chemical drugs, the side effects are on the rise. In this study, seeds of Moringa oleifera which is the essential ethnomedicinal plant, were studied for wound healing efficacy. The study was planned for the assessment of in vitro (antioxidant and antimicrobial activities) and in vivo (excision and incision wound healing models) wound healing efficacy of n-hexane extract and hydrogels of Moringa oleifera seeds. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and Agar well diffusion method, respectively. In excision and incision wound models, Swiss albino mice were used for wound healing efficacy of hydrogels, i.e., 5% and 10% hexane extracts of Moringa oleifera seeds. The n-hexane extract showed antioxidant as well as antibacterial activities. Moreover, the hydrogels formulated using n-hexane extract of Moringa oleifera seeds showed significant wound healing activity compared to both control and standard until the end of the protocol in both the models. Furthermore, the histopathological investigation confirmed the findings of accelerated regeneration of tissue accompanied by a decrease in inflammatory cells and increased vascularity of the immediate skin. The results (both in vitro and in vivo) claimed conclusively that our n-hexane hydrogel formulation of Moringa oleifera seeds might serve as an alternative therapy in skin restoration during wound healing.
Highlights
Wound healing is defined as an intricate and elaborate biological action initiated in response to an attack on the anatomy and functioning of normal healthy skin
Antioxidant activity of n-hexane extract of M. oleifera seeds in the present study shows the highest scavenging at the concentration of 160 μg/mL and IC50 value of 162.4 as compared to 96.24 of standard ascorbic acid (Figure 1)
The appearance of the zone of inhibition indicated that the n-hexane extract of Moringa oleifera seeds inhibited the growth of test pathogens, thereby validating the antimicrobial activity in n-hexane seed extract
Summary
Wound healing is defined as an intricate and elaborate biological action initiated in response to an attack on the anatomy and functioning of normal healthy skin. The acute inflammatory responses due to injury results in the necrosis of specialized cells as well as damage to the surrounding matrix, mitigated by substitution of the dead tissue with new healthy cells to aid faster tissue regeneration. The ideal wound healing process must achieve mitigation of tissue damage, ample tissue perfusion (nutrition and oxygenation) with a moist healing environment for the restoration of the anatomy and function of the affected region [5]. Known as the Indian traditional system of herbal medicine, has given substantial importance to wound healing and the use of Indian medicinal plants to treat skin damage [6]
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