A Novel Fullerene Hydroxamic Acid for the Liquid–Liquid Extraction, Separation, Preconcentration, and Spectrophotometric and ICP‐AES Determination of Vanadium

Abstract

A new reagent N‐phenyl‐(1,2 methanofullerene C60)61‐formohydroxamic acid (PMFFA) is reported for extraction and trace determination of vanadium(V) in nutritional and biological substrates. The extraction mechanism of vanadium from 6 M HCl media is investigated. The influence of PMFFA, diverse ions, and temperature on the distribution constant of vanadium examined. The over all stability constant (log β2 K e ) and extraction constant (K ex) are 20.89 ± 0.02 and 8.0 ± 0.02 × 10−15, respectively in chloroform. The thermodynamics parameters are calculated and kinetics of vanadium transport is discussed. The system obeys Beer's law in the range of 3.2–64.0 ng mL−1 of vanadium(V). The molar absorptivity is 7.96 × 105 L mol−1 cm−1, at 510 nm. The PMFFA–vanadium(V) complex chloroform extract in chloroform was directly inserted into plasma for ICP‐AES measurement, which increases the sensitivity by 50 folds and obey Beer's law in the range of 50–1200 pg mL−1 of vanadium(V). The method is applied for determination vanadium in real standard samples, sea water, and environmental samples.