Abstract
Existing research on human channel modeling of galvanic coupling intra-body communication (IBC) is primarily focused on the human body itself. Although galvanic coupling IBC is less disturbed by external influences during signal transmission, there are inevitable factors in real measurement scenarios such as the parasitic impedance of electrodes, impedance matching of the transceiver, etc. which might lead to deviations between the human model and the in vivo measurements. This paper proposes a field-circuit finite element method (FEM) model of galvanic coupling IBC in a real measurement environment to estimate the human channel gain. First an anisotropic concentric cylinder model of the electric field intra-body communication for human limbs was developed based on the galvanic method. Then the electric field model was combined with several impedance elements, which were equivalent in terms of parasitic impedance of the electrodes, input and output impedance of the transceiver, establishing a field-circuit FEM model. The results indicated that a circuit module equivalent to external factors can be added to the field-circuit model, which makes this model more complete, and the estimations based on the proposed field-circuit are in better agreement with the corresponding measurement results.
Highlights
With the great improvement of science and technology, there has been a boom in wearable devices whose applications include sports, wearable entertainment devices and biomedical devices.In the coming future, wearable devices will not be limited to smart watches, smart glasses or other consumer electronic products under the trend of Internet plus mobile health
For the electric field (EF) model, the absolute attenuation value increased as the channel length increased from 4 cm to 20 cm, basically agreeing with the corresponding measurement results, but as the channel increased from 20 cm to 40continued cm, the attenuation the channel length increased from 20 cm length to 40 cm, the attenuation values to rise, andvalues there continued rise, and there was a big deviation withThis the experimental
intra-body communication (IBC) within within an an actual actual. This measurement environment to realize channel gain estimates based on a field-circuit model
Summary
Yue-Ming Gao 1,2, *, Zhu-Mei Wu 1,2,† , Sio-Hang Pun 3,† , Peng-Un Mak 2,4 , Mang-I Vai 2,3,4 and Min Du 1,2.
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