A Novel Epsilon Near Zero Tunneling Circuit Using Double-Ridge Rectangular Waveguide

Abstract

In this paper, an epsilon near zero (ENZ) tunneling circuit using a double-ridge rectangular waveguide (RWG) is proposed for the miniaturization of a waveguide component. The proposed ENZ channel and is located in the middle of the input-output RWG (IORWG). The ratio of the height to the width of the channel waveguide is very small compared to the IORWG. By properly adjusting the ridge dimensions, the tunneling frequency of the proposed ENZ channel can be lowered to near the cut-off frequency of the IORWG. For the proposed ENZ tunneling circuit, the approach adopted for extracting the effective permittivity, effective permeability;normalized effective wave impedance, and propagation constant from the simulated scattering parameters was explained. The extracted parameters verified that the proposed channel is an ENZ channel and electromagnetic energy is tunneling through the channel. Simulation and measurement results of the fabricated ENZ channel structure agreed.