A Novel Electromagnetic Launcher Configuration With Improved System and Barrel Efficiencies

Abstract

In this article, we present a railgun with a combination of narrowed rails and concave armature that is more efficient compared with a standard electromagnetic launcher with rectangular rails and a monolithic “C” armature. Electromagnetic–mechanical coupled analysis of LS-DYNA is used to simulate the dynamic field distribution. The performance of the newly designed railgun is evaluated with respect to the conventional railgun of comparable dimensions and the same input energy. A pulse-forming network with realistic cable resistances is modeled to input a pulse current with a peak value of 146 kA to the conventional and newly designed railgun systems. Compared with the conventional electromagnetic railgun (EMRG), the proposed railgun results in 34% larger Lorentz force, 26% greater exit velocity, higher inductance gradient toward muzzle end, and, hence, improved barrel and system efficiency. The system efficiency of the designed railgun is 2.9% compared with 1.6% in conventional railgun. Thus, the configuration of tapered rails and concave armature can provide higher velocity to heavier loads. Also, the projectile can withstand heavier forces that are seen inside the barrel.