A novel electrochemical sensor based on magnetic core@shell molecularly imprinted nanocomposite (Fe3O4@graphene oxide@MIP) for sensitive and selective determination of anticancer drug capecitabine

Abstract

Capecitabine, known as an anti-cancer drug, despite clinical evidence in the general society of patients, the absence of specific data from the perception of increased toxic effects in older people and randomized trials, can be harmful to the body. So, its measurement is essential. A novel electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) decorated by molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-coated magnetic nanocomposite of iron (II, III) oxide @graphene oxide (Fe3O4@GO) for the detection of capecitabine. The MIP was deposited on the surface of core@shell nanocomposite by non-covalent imprinting process. Fe3O4@GO@MIP composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The electrochemical performance of proposed sensor was investigated by cyclic and square wave voltammetry techniques. Several parameters such as the electrochemical behavior of the modified electrodes, the type and pH value of supporting electrolyte and scan rates were studied. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range and detection limit were obtained 1.0–100.0 nM and 0.324 nM, respectively. The proposed electrode was successfully applied to the quantification of capecitabine in health human plasma and pharmaceutical samples.