Abstract
Control of avian influenza infection requires a good vaccine that could induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune response, specifically IFN-ɣ production, to maintain a high level of protection along with the minimal level of viral shedding after the infection to prevent secondary epidemics. In the current study, deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) vaccine coding for full-length H5 and N1 genes have been produced and evaluated in SPF-chicken. Humoral immune response estimated by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay revealed that the DNA vaccine gave a high titer of antibodies at the day 28-post vaccination and 14 days post-challenge. However, the shedding level was minimal with the DNA vaccine (0.1 Log 10 EID50). The IFN-ɣ transcript was upregulated at a higher level in the DNA vaccinated group. The results revealed that the DNA vaccine could induce a high level of humoral and IFN-ɣ level that maintains a high level of protection (92%) with the advantage of limiting the shedding level and thus, prevent secondary epidemics.
Highlights
Avian influenza infection is caused by a group of viruses in the family Orthomyxoviridae, genus influenza virus A
Avian influenza virus: (A/chicken/Qalubia/ch1.12.61/2017 (H5N1))highly pathogenic Egyptian field strain clade2.2 was used in the current study for both deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) vaccine preparation and challenge test
Avian influenza virus (A/chicken/Qalubia/ch1.12.61/2017 (H5N1)) was used to amplify the full-length orf of both H5 and N1 gens to be used in the subsequent cloning procedures, as seen in Fig. 1, clear visible fragments with a molecular size of ~ 1700 bp and1400bp corresponding to the full-length H5 and N1genes respectively
Summary
Avian influenza infection is caused by a group of viruses in the family Orthomyxoviridae, genus influenza virus A. Cloning and expression vector (DNA vaccine) coding the full H5 and N1 genes
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