Abstract
A direct-drive motor has the merits of low speed, high torque, and elimination of mechanical deceleration mechanisms, and is widely used in various fields. A novel direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented herein, in which all coils are wrapped around the stator yoke in the same orientation. The structure of the novel direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor with toroidal windings (N-TWDDPMSM) is introduced and its operating principle is analyzed by describing the variation in the armature magnet field versus time. Furthermore, based on the same power grade and mechanical size, several finite-element models of motors with different windings are established using Magnet software to analyze the distribution of magnetic field, back-electromotive force (back-EMF), power-angle characteristics, loss characteristics, etc. Compared with the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor (T-PMSM), the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor with toroidal windings (T-TWPMSM), and the N-TWDDPMSM, the N-TWDDPMSM shows advantages of low speed and high torque, and the feasibility and superiority of the N-TWDDPMSM are verified.
Highlights
Permanent magnet motors (PMMs) have advantages of high torque density, high efficiency, and high power factor, suitable for low-speed and high-torque direct-drive applications such as electric vehicles, industrial robots, and aerospace fields [1,2,3,4]
The losses in the rotor are small in the rotor steel of the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor (T-PMSM), T-TWPMSM, and N-TWDDPMSM are 0.44 W, 0.42 W, and 0.42 W, and almost negligible compared with the losses in the stator
In addition to the introduction of the topology and operating principle of the N-TWDDPMSM, the key operating characteristics of the N-TWDDPMSM, T-TWPMSM, and T-PMSM are compared based on the same power grade, overall dimensions, current density, and DC-link bus voltage
Summary
Permanent magnet motors (PMMs) have advantages of high torque density, high efficiency, and high power factor, suitable for low-speed and high-torque direct-drive applications such as electric vehicles, industrial robots, and aerospace fields [1,2,3,4]. The permanent magnetic transverse flux motor is suitable for low-speed and high-torque direct drive owing to its small polar distance and large torque [10]; the motor structure is complex, and its power factor is small [11,12]. To further improve the output torque and widen the operating speed range of the PMM with toroidal windings under certain conditions of mechanical size, a novel direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous motor with toroidal windings (N-TWDDPMSM).
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