Abstract
A novel dinuclear Ir(III) complex 5 was discovered to be specific to G-quadruplex DNA, and was utilized in a label-free G-quadruplex-based detection platform for transcription factor activity. The principle of this assay was demonstrated by using HIF-1α as a model protein. Moreover, this HIF-1α detection assay exhibited potential use for biological sample analysis.
Highlights
Transition metal complexes possess several advantages for sensing applications, such as simple syntheses, tunable photophysical properties, large Stokes shifts and long phosphorescent lifetimes[21,22,23,24,25]
Electrostatic interaction could provide a driving force for the dinuclear complex to bind to the G-quadruplex DNA
Complex 5 is the first dinuclear Ir(III) G-quadruplex-selective probe reported in the literature
Summary
Transition metal complexes possess several advantages for sensing applications, such as simple syntheses, tunable photophysical properties, large Stokes shifts and long phosphorescent lifetimes[21,22,23,24,25]. The G-quadruplex structure is a well-known typical DNA secondary structure formed by planar stacks of four guanines stabilized by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding and monovalent cations, which has been extensively used as signal transducers for the construction of label-free detection platforms[34,35,36,37] We found that these mononuclear iridium(III) complexes potentially interacted with the loop regions of the G-quadruplex[27,28,29,30,31,32,33]. Previous study reported that G-quadruplex binder linked with a positively-charged alkylamine through a four-carbon chain could enhance the G-quadruplex stabilizing ability, whereas too short linker will decrease the stabilizing ability[38,39,40] In this project we choose a linker with similar length for the design of dinuclear complex. The detection of HIF-1α activity is important for cancer diagnosis and prognosis
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