Abstract

In this paper a simple but effective measuring system for endoluminal procedures is presented. The device allows measuring forces during the endoluminal manipulation of tissues with a standard surgical instrument for laparoscopic procedures. The force measurement is performed by recording both the forces applied directly by the surgeon at the instrument handle and the reaction forces on the access port. The measuring system was used to measure the forces necessary for appropriate surgical manipulation of tissues during transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). Ex-vivo and in-vivo measurements were performed, reported and discussed. The obtained data can be used for developing and appropriately dimensioning novel dedicated instrumentation for TEM procedures.

Highlights

  • Rectal resection combined with total mesorectal excision represents the gold standard for the surgical treatment of mid- and low rectal cancers [1], but it is burdened by significant postoperative morbidity [2], including sexual and urinary dysfunctions [3,4,5], stoma-related complica‐ tions, changes in body image and depression due to the presence of a stoma [6]

  • A simple but effective external measurement system for force estimation in endoluminal procedures is presented. Such system involves the use of two force/ torque sensors for measuring the forces applied by the surgeon and the reaction forces on the access port during transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) procedures

  • A simple external measurement system for force estimation in endoluminal procedures is presented. Such system involves the use of two force/torque sensors for measuring the forces applied by the surgeon and the reaction forces on the access port during TEM procedures

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Summary

Introduction

Rectal resection combined with total mesorectal excision represents the gold standard for the surgical treatment of mid- and low rectal cancers [1], but it is burdened by significant postoperative morbidity [2], including sexual and urinary dysfunctions [3,4,5], stoma-related complica‐ tions, changes in body image and depression due to the presence of a stoma [6]. Measuring the force applied at the tip of the instrument during in-vivo minimally invasive procedures introduces some challenges due to the presence of the access port and the complexity of the integration of miniaturized force/ torque sensors on the tip of the instrument itself. Such an approach asks for the development of a dedicated instru‐ ment that should fulfil the requirements for being used in an in-vivo environment. Such system involves the use of two force/ torque sensors for measuring the forces applied by the surgeon and the reaction forces on the access port (namely the TEM rectoscope in this specific case) during TEM procedures

Dissection Task During TEM Procedures
Materials and Methods
Measurement Protocol
In-vitro Validation of the Sensorized Device
Force Measurement on ex-vivo Model
Force measurement o
Results standard deviation was evaluated by combining the
Findings
Conclusions and Future Works
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