Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel cost-effective and distributed in-band optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring method using a widely tunable optical bandpass filter and optical power measurements, which employs the Gaussian process regression and is proved to be insensitive to fiber nonlinearity, chromatic dispersion, and optical amplifier type. This method is verified in a 9-channel 10 Gbaud NRZ-QPSK coherent optical transmission system with 50-GHz channel intervals. When there are no add–drop filters or wavelength selective switches in the transmission link, the maximum OSNR deviation, the root-mean-squared error (RMSE), and the mean absolute error (MAE) are less than 0.21 dB, 0.041 dB, and 0.021 dB, respectively, in the OSNR range of 1–29 dB. Instead, when there exist the above optical filtering elements in the transmission link, the maximum OSNR deviation, the RSME, and the MAE are less than 0.24 dB, 0.041 dB, and 0.021 dB, respectively, in the OSNR range of 4–31 dB. Besides, the OSNR monitor based on the novel method can eliminate the necessity to know the transmission information and is more convenient to use because no calibration is required.
Highlights
With the explosive growth of bandwidth demand induced by global IP traffic, dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and advanced optical modulation formats have been widely studied to expand transmission capacity and improve spectrum efficiency [1]
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel cost-effective and distributed in-band optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring method using a widely tunable optical bandpass filter and optical power measurements, which employs the Gaussian process regression and is proved to be insensitive to fiber nonlinearity, chromatic dispersion, and optical amplifier type
We propose a cost-effective and distributed in-band optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) monitoring method using a widely tunable optical bandpass filter (OBPF) and optical power measurements based on Gaussian process regression (GPR)
Summary
With the explosive growth of bandwidth demand induced by global IP traffic, dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) and advanced optical modulation formats have been widely studied to expand transmission capacity and improve spectrum efficiency [1]. The advent of the re-configurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) has introduced optical systems flexibility and dynamicity [2]. In such systems, optical performance monitoring (OPM) is indispensable because it can provide optimum resource utilization, fault location, and damage repair. Since the linear impairments such as chromatic dispersion (CD) can be compensated efficiently by digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms in digital coherent receivers, the transmission performance is primarily determined by the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) [3].
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