A Novel Computing Power Allocation Algorithm for Blockchain System in Multiple Mining Pools Under Withholding Attack

Yourong Chen,Tiaojuan Ren,Hao Chen,Banteng Liu,Meng Han,Qiuxia Chen

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3017716

Yourong Chen, Tiaojuan Ren + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3017716

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Abstract

To overcome the fast-changing block withholding attacks among multiple mining pools composed of miners in the blockchain system, this paper proposes a mining pool computing power allocation (MPPA) algorithm, which significantly improves the revenues of mining pools with block withholding attacks. MPPA first establishes the revenue optimization model of mining pools, which includes current adequate total computing power, the revenues of honest mining, and the revenues of block withholding attacks. Then MPPA calculates the revenue gain generated by block withholding attacks on other mining pools. To adjust the fixed computing power in each iteration, we have the mining pool computing power allocation algorithm with a fixed change of computing power (MPPA_F). To adjust the optimal recovery and attack computing power, we have the mining pool computing power allocation algorithm with an optimal change of computing power (MPPA_O). The simulation results demonstrate that MPPA_F and MPPA_O can find the optimized solutions of power computing allocation for each mining pool and outperform the state-of-arts such as WSFS, ALLC, and ALLD.

Highlights

With the popularity of digital cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin, blockchain technology has attracted people’s attention
Our contributions are as follows: 1. mining pool computing power allocation (MPPA) divides the computing power in the mining pool into the computing power of honest mining and computing power of block withholding attack according to their functions
MPPA calculates the revenue gain generated by block withholding attacks on other mining pools

Summary

INTRODUCTION

With the popularity of digital cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin, blockchain technology has attracted people’s attention. Y. Chen et al.: Novel Computing Power Allocation Algorithm pool) does not broadcast the newly mined block. Based on the above references, we propose a mining pool computing power allocation algorithm with block withholding attacks among multiple mining pools (MPPA) [13]. MPPA divides the computing power in the mining pool into the computing power of honest mining and computing power of block withholding attack according to their functions. MPPA proposes the revenue optimization model of each mining pool with the costs of honest mining and block withholding attack. 2. MPPA calculates the revenue gain generated by block withholding attacks on other mining pools. For adjusting the optimal recovery and attack computing power, we have the mining pool computing power allocation algorithm with optimal change of computing power (MPPA_O).

RELATED WORK

MODEL ESTABLISHMENT

MODEL SOLUTION

ANALYSIS OF SIMULATION RESULTS

Findings

CONCLUSION