Abstract
A novel lactate biosensor based on a yttrium oxide/boron nitride (Y2O3/BN) nanocomposite modified electrode was developed. The BN nanosheets provided a supporting matrix for the Y2O3 nanoparticles, combining their synergistic properties for electrochemical biosensing. The Y2O3/BN nanocomposite provided high surface area and excellent electrocatalytic effects, promoting the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide generated from lactate oxidase catalyzed lactate oxidation. The Y2O3/BN modified biosensor showed wide linear range from 0.005 to 500 μM, low detection limit of 2 nM, high sensitivity of 1.23 μA/μM, good reproducibility with 3.2 % RSD, and long-term stability over 56 days. The biosensor could detect lactate levels in athlete sweat samples with high accuracy and correlation to standard methods, distinguishing changes in sweat lactate corresponding to different exercise intensities. The nanocomposite modified biosensor showed potential for non-invasive, real-time monitoring of exercise levels and fatigue status based on sweat lactate detection in athletic training applications.
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