Abstract
A novel herbal extract-loaded gel containing several biofunctional extracts, including green tea, Zingiber officinale Rosc, Phyllanthus emblica, and salicylic acid, was developed for acne vulgaris. These natural raw materials were blended with suitable dosages of gelatin and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to produce a biocompatible herbal gel. The physical chemistry properties of the hydrogel were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), rheometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the hydrogel showed good mechanical and morphological characteristics. The herbal extract-loaded hydrogel mimicked extracellular matrix properties and showed good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and various advantages, serving as a potential wound dressing material because of its high moisture retention ability, wound exudate absorption behavior, and biocompatibility. It exhibited moderate-high antioxidative and anti-inflammatory qualities that were important for dermis wound closure. The clinical trial results showed that most patients experienced moderate to high healing rates, and four of twenty-four individuals (16.67%) had recovery area ratios greater than 80%. This herbal extract-loaded hydrogel has effective ingredients and excellent mechanical properties as a bioactive dressing agent for acne treatment.
Highlights
Acne vulgaris is an unpleasant facial skin problem with a prevalence of 80% and affects social interactions, especially for teenagers [1]
The antimicrobial activities of P. emblica, green tea, and ginger have been investigated by a number of previous studies [11,12,13]; these active extracts showed antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)
The extract was obtained by adding maltodextrin at a weight ratio of 2 : 1. Green tea extracts were frozen at -35°C, freeze-dried for 72 hours (0–50 hours at below 0°C and 50–72 hours increasing to 45°C), and pulverized to produce a fine tea extract powder with an average grain size of 1.0–10 μm
Summary
Acne vulgaris is an unpleasant facial skin problem with a prevalence of 80% and affects social interactions, especially for teenagers [1]. Acne development is triggered by interactions between the sebostatic reaction associated with sebum deregulation and inflammatory reactions Various complementary medicines, such as natural product extracts, plant oils, and antimicrobial peptides, have few side effects [2,3,4]. Salicylic acid dissolved skin debris, which clogged pores and caused acne progression as a lipophilic agent, decreasing corneocyte cohesion and promoting desquamation, of the hydrophobic upper layers in the stratum corneum [1]. Previous studies by this group showed that these bioactive components can be used to treat acne through biofunctions
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