Abstract
Nowadays, water quality is one of the main challenges facing humanity. Recently, hybrid nanomaterials have attracted great attention because they can treat water solutions. In this study, Sol-Immobilization synthesized monometallic (Pd and Au) and bimetallic (Pd-Au) hybrid nanomaterials supported on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were synthesized as catalysts for the photocatalytic Rhodamine B degradation under direct sunlight. The as-synthesized nanomaterials were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, UV-DRS spectrophotometer, HR-TEM techniques, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The catalytic activities of Pd/rGO and Au/rGO were compared with those of Aux-Pdy/rGO, and a higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency was found for the bimetallic-supported rGO sample. At optimum conditions, Au0.75-Pd0.25/rGO achieved the best dye degradation efficiency of 98%. The reusability study results showed that Au0.75-Pd0.25/rGO retained 89% of its initial activity after five successive uses. The scavenging study results proved that hydroxyl radicals are the major reactive species in the photocatalytic degradation reaction. These findings indicate that Au0.75-Pd0.25/rGO catalyst is a promising material for the treatment of water contaminated with organic dyes under sunlight.
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