Abstract
In this paper, a novel aqueous co-precipitation process for preparing ITO (indium tin oxide) nanopowders was investigated. In this process, the solutions of In 3+–Sn 4+ ions and 25% NH 3·H 2O were simultaneously added into the solution of (NH 4) 2SO 4–NH 3·H 2O, NH 4Cl–NH 3·H 2O and NH 3·H 2O to make different reaction solutions. When (NH 4) 2SO 4–NH 3·H 2O solution was used as the primary reaction liquid with pH value in the range of 6.5–7.0, spherical ITO particles with uniform particle size (10–20 nm), low agglomeration and large specific surface were obtained. The ITO particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The EDS analysis indicated that the distribution of In and Sn elements in the ITO powders was uniform and their mass ratio was close to 9:1, which would result from the co-precipitation process that provided a stable chemical circumstance for In 3+ and Sn 4+ to be co-precipitated.
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