A Novel Approach to the Treatment of Comminuted Mandibular Condyle Fractures

Abstract

Introduction: A suture enlocation (SE) approach is proposed to manage comminuted intra-articular mandibular condyle fractures not amenable to open reduction internal fixation approaches. The SE approach is an effective operative option for the treatment of condylar fractures with the combination of fracture dislocation, malocclusion, comminution, and inadequate surface area for open fixation techniques. This study describes the SE approach, outcomes, and complications. Methods: The SE technique is described, and the health records of patients treated with the SE approach are reviewed. Outcome data were collected for diet, interincisal opening, occlusion, pain, and complications. Results: Technique: The SE approach involves reducing the fractured condylar fragment using a hole drilled through the fragment to secure it to the periosteum with a polydioxanone suture. This allows the reduced fragment to be managed as a nondisplaced fracture with mandibulomaxillary fixation and class 2 elastics. Outcomes: A chart review involving 8 patients (11 condyles) illustrates the outcomes of the SE approach from 2006 to 2021. Age at the time of injury ranged from 12 to 51 years and the follow up ranged from 2 to 68 months. At final follow up, 7 patients were eating a regular diet, 7 had normal interincisal opening, 4 had normal occlusion, and 4 reported ongoing mandibular discomfort. Failure of fixation occurred in 1 case, which required further operative management. Conclusions: The SE technique shows promise as an effective way to reduce fracture components, manage occlusion, and facilitate secondary bone healing in comminuted and displaced mandibular condyle fractures.