Abstract

Membranes have long been known to serve multiple critical roles for cells, including acting as barriers and also as gatekeepers, controlling the flow of materials and information between the cell and the exterior environment. More recently, it has been realized that membranes also act as sensors, responding to mechanical stimuli through modulation of the behavior of a growing number of identified membrane-embedded proteins in all domains of life. Chief among these proteins are so-called mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels, some of which can open under a change in membrane tension.

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