Abstract
This work details the synthesis and characterization of iron nanoparticles (GT-INP) from green-tea extract and its effect on biohydrogen production from CO by anaerobic biomass. Analysis of the GT-INP by UV–visible spectroscopy revealed spherical or quasi-spherical shape of the iron oxide nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of iron oxide (Fe3O4) and iron(III) oxide-hydroxide (FeO(OH)) in the GT-INP. The appearance of strong vibrational bands in fourier transform infrared spectra indicated the presence of amide, C–N and hydroxyl groups due to flavonoids, alkaloids and polyphenols as capping agents in the GT-INP. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and field emission transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed that the size of GT-INP was within 50–90 nm range with a spherical shaped aggregated structure. In the presence of GT-INP at 1000 mg/l, more than 56 ± 5.32% enhancement in aqueous solubility of CO was achieved along with a maximum H2 production of 1.58 ± 0.13 mmol/l by anaerobic biomass, which is nearly 44% more than that obtained without any GT-INP addition. Continuous bioreactor study using a gas lift reactor further established the potential of GT-INP in improving biohydrogen production from CO with a maximum H2 titre of 30.7 mmol/l due to GT-INP addition in the system.
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