A Novel and Convenient Method for the Preparation and Activation of PRP without Any Additives: Temperature Controlled PRP.

Lijuan Du,Yong Miao,Panli Shi,Zhiqi Hu,Xin Li

doi:10.1155/2018/1761865

Abstract

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a concentrate of autologous platelets which contain enrichment growth factors (GFs). However, the addition of exogenous anticoagulant and procoagulant may result in clinical side effects and raise the price of PRP. Herein, we report a novel method named temperature controlled PRP (t-PRP), in which exogenous additives are dispensable in the preparation and activation process. Human blood samples were processed by a two-step centrifugation process under hypothermic conditions (4°C) to obtain t-PRP and rewarming up to 37°C to activate t-PRP. Contemporary PRP (c-PRP) was processed as the control. t-PRP showed a physiological pH value between 7.46 and 7.48 and up to 6.58 ± 0.45-fold significantly higher platelet concentration than that of whole blood compared with c-PRP (4.06-fold) in the preparation process. Meanwhile, t-PRP also maintained a stable GF level between plasma and PRP. After activation, t-PRP demonstrated natural fiber scaffolding, which trapped more platelet and GFs, and exhibited a slow release and degradation rate of GFs. In addition, t-PRP exhibited the function of promoting wound healing. t-PRP is a novel and convenient method for the preparation and activation of PRP without any additives. Compared to c-PRP, t-PRP reflects more physiologic characteristics while maintaining high quality.

Highlights

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is concentrate of platelets from autologous blood
Half of the blood was processed as temperature controlled PRP (t-PRP) and the other half was processed as Contemporary PRP (c-PRP)
In order to maintain the stability of t-PRP, the process must be performed under hypothermic conditions using precooled tubes and tips. 10 ml of fresh whole blood was added in 15 ml centrifugation tubes (Corning, Corning, NY, USA) and centrifuged at 200g for 10 min at 4∘C

Summary

Introduction

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is concentrate of platelets from autologous blood. Growth factors (GFs) including PDGF (platelet derived growth factor), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), FGF (basic fibroblast growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), IGF (insulin-like growth factor), and TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β1) are released from the alpha granules of concentrated platelets activated by coagulants [1,2,3]. The yield and vitality of platelets vary in different preparation procedures, the typical preparation and application procedure of PRP are common Anticoagulants such as ACDA (anticoagulant citrate dextrose solution, solution A) is added to the whole blood for anticoagulation [8,9,10,11,12,13]. Coagulants such as calcium gluconate and thrombin are added to activate PRP [14,15,16,17] These exogenous additives may have side effects in clinical setting. Due to the presence of anticoagulants, an additional thrombin mixing and spraying kit were further required after using a commercial PRP preparation kit, during the PRP application, especially in wound repair The use of these commercial kits will undoubtedly increase the clinical cost of PRP. It would be ideal to prepare PRP without any requirement for additives

Methods

Results

Conclusion