Abstract

Genetically-encoded fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensors for phosphate (P i) (FLIPPi) were engineered by fusing a predicted Synechococcus phosphate-binding protein (PiBP) to eCFP and Venus. Purified fluorescent indicator protein for inorganic phosphate (FLIPPi), in which the fluorophores are attached to the same PiBP lobe, shows P i-dependent increases in FRET efficiency. FLIPPi affinity mutants cover P i changes over eight orders of magnitude. COS-7 cells co-expressing a low-affinity FLIPPi and a Na +/P i co-transporter exhibited FRET changes when perfused with 100 μM P i, demonstrating concentrative P i uptake by PiT2. FLIPPi sensors are suitable for real-time monitoring of P i metabolism in living cells, providing a new tool for fluxomics, analysis of pathophysiology or changes of P i during cell migration.

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