Abstract
A novel 3-D nonuniform Fourier transformation (3-D-NUFFT) method is proposed for the efficient calculation of the array factors of conformal arrays. Interpolation in a least-squares sense is first used to interpolate the topological structure of conformal arrays into that of uniformly spaced volumetric arrays. By applying the equivalent mathematical relationship between the 3-D discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and the array factor of the uniform volumetric arrays, the 3-D-FFT is then developed to calculate the array factor of uniformly spaced volumetric arrays. Therefore, the array factor of conformal arrays can be easily calculated according to the interpolation relationship between the conformal arrays and the uniform volumetric arrays. Representative numerical examples regarding the array factor calculation of spherical arrays with different excitations are provided. In comparison with the direct calculation method, the obtained results confirm the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed method.
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