A Novel 14-Day Dietary Deprivation Regimen Preserves Protein Metabolism During Fasting and Accelerates Muscle Recovery after Refeeding Through Constantly Suppressing Myostatin

Abstract

Background Fasting has demonstrated a robust lifespan extension in yeast and C. elegans. Although long-term total fasting, intermittent fasting or calorie restriction has been evaluated in clinic, there were long-term safety and practical concerns regarding with these regimens. Methods We have applied a special prebiotics-assisted fasting approach for 7~14 days continual dietary deprivation (CDD) in three trials. Our fasting regimen has achieved total of 25/94 individuals who have successfully accomplished 14D's total fasting. At the third trial, a modified paradigm plus daily mineral electrolytes assistance led up to 50% (15/32) success in fulfilling 14D-CDD. Among the results from successfully accomplishment subjects, one-way ANOVA with repeated measure on 5 treatments within individual has been compared with each own control. Findings Bioelectrical and biochemical results indicated significant reducing in fat mass (lipid) during fasting, while lean mass (protein) remained stable and found more accelerated recovery after refeeding. During 7~9thD CDD, we observed a significant slowing down in basal metabolism rate (BMR 100U/L, refeeding for more than 3 months remained lowered CK level. Fasting 14D also found significant suppression in myostatin, and it remained lower concentration even after 3 months' refeeding. Ultrasonic image confirmed unchanged muscle comparing with adipose during and after 14D fasting. Interpretation Our results indicated that initial fasting (1~7D) induced catabolism in all tissues. As the fasting continues, a preserved muscle mechanism has been established with reducing in BMR, myostatin and CK which might indicate an induction of anabolism through establishing ketone body metabolism. The beneficial evidence from current regimen indicated that repeated application of 14D-CDD every 6 months may supply practical health improvement strategy in facilitating disease treatments. Funding National Basic Research Project of China Declaration of Interest: The other authors declare no competing interests. Ethical Approval: The approval of the study protocol by the University of Henan Human Research Protection Program was under the guidance of China Association for Ethical Studies. The protocol was also recorded in Medical Ethics Committee of Henan Medical Association of Henan Province, and the entire clinical study was under the supervision of ethic board of The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University.