Abstract

AbstractWe present a combinatorial proof for the existence of the sign-refined grid homology in lens spaces and a self-contained proof that $\partial _{\mathbb{Z}}^2 = 0$ . We also present a Sage programme that computes $\widehat{\mathrm{GH}} (L(p,q),K;\mathbb{Z})$ and provide empirical evidence supporting the absence of torsion in these groups.

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