Abstract
It is shown that Lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulations using simple equilibrium boundary conditions at solid walls, provide quantitatively accurate results for backward-facing step flows at moderate Reynolds numbers. The basic reason for such favorable behavior is that well-resolved LB simulations operate in the so-called weak non-equilibrium regime, in which shear effects at the scale of a single lattice spacing are weak, meaning by this that the cell-shear time scale is much longer than the molecular time scales, so that the LB collisional relaxation takes place in a quasi-homogeneous velocity field. Due to their simplicity, it is suggested that equilibrium boundary conditions may represent a viable option for the LB simulation of complex flows with solid boundaries at moderate Reynolds numbers.
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